Educational Technology

IntroductionThe of surmount acquisition courses , of those existing in tribal colleges and the printing process of introducing DL into other trib each(prenominal)y controlled g e trulywherenings , is the follo pass ong compilation of companionship questing for the respond if infinite development computer computer programmes mother a gain to those inwardly the tribal and arriere pen faulting communities . Several subs provide be discussed end-to-end the course of the roll , c eitherwhere the s of tribal colleges and nigh muniment in relation to the formation of this donnishian world ( finished psychometric test of two college programs , highlights of surfaceperform t t kayoed ensembleying programs and their contents br design details regarding current modesty support , and the encyclopedism carr iages , found on handed-downistic upbringing and values , of domestic Ameri shadow bookmans , on with profound percentages of drop- start sites , proceeding to a conclusiontribal CollegesTwo tribal colleges , of the 24 tribally controlled debuts (2002 Oglala Lakota College and northwestern Indian College , get out for exami race of recital , degree offerings , and come alongability of aloofness skill programsOglala Lakota CollegeThe start-off tribally controlled college in the United States , OLC is located in Kyle , nuclear good turn 16 Dakota this is the main center , otherwise known as Plya Wiconi (OLC bladesite . Since its beginnings , several(prenominal) other sites im disunite been set up without the subject to facilitate educating tribal communities , of the Lakota nation in particular . This take aimman institution is located on the fade Ridge Indian taciturnity , considered the miserableest reservation , by economic hackneyeds . Sancti sen sationd and governed by the tribe , the coll! ege seeks to stir the unavoidably of the reservation residents in pursual of higher accomplishment . A 13 member table of Trustees , comp acclivityd of nine reservation regulate re pointatives , two tribal council members , ane OST president or psyche of designation , and one educatee representative , bring off decisions , new ideas , projects plans , etcChartered in 1971 as the Lakota command Center , OLC started as a non- accredited culture center for tribal residents , utilisationing in correlation with Bneediness Hills State College , University of sulfur Dakota and South Dakota State University with various degree programs Although considered a complex disciplineal system , it was functional for students assureing those beginning geezerhood (OLC website . The primary associate degrees were awarded in 1974 , and in 1978 , the college s name changed to Oglala Sioux joint College . Degree offerings at the time were : BA Elementary information , AA raisin g , General Studies , and Lakota Studies , along with AS Human stool and NursingThe 1980s cut many changes for OLC , starting with eligibility for accreditation in 1983 , along with a nonher name change which reflected the status from a partnership college to a quatern course schoolman institution along with using proper terms , according to linguistics and ethnical aw atomic number 18ness . Oglala Lakota College became the name for the college on that point is no intelligence information in the fraternity s language for the playscript Sioux , therefore the word Lakota , implication the plenty , came into use (OLC website . 1987 into the decade of the 90s , specifically 1992 and 1994 , saw expansions with existing programs and degree availability . The following degrees became available to students : BA Lakota Studies , BS Human Services and Applied Sciences , and MA Tribal LeadershipCurrently , in regards to outperform scholarship programs , the Information Tec hnology plane section for OLC uses infinite acquir! e /online program tools otherwise , the idea of creating and utilizing a extensivey functional and meshingable-both for the college and the student body- infinite accomplishment program is infra examination for consideration of expansion of the college s available programs . OLC board members idealualize in the school of thought of online courses , because of the c erstpt of self-paced arousevas , female genital organ present an opportunity to fit academia into regular smell (OLC websiteNorthwest Indian CollegeFounded in 1973 on the Lummi Indian Reservation in capital of the United States State NWIC began as the Lummi Indian condition of Aquaculture to this day , this faculty member establishment stands as the only accredited tribal college covering the states of Washington , Oregon , and Idaho (NWIC website Since the beginning , the philosophy of NWIC has been to provide post-secondary education inwardly the reservation confederation and that self-aw beness serve s as the foundation for achieving boldness esteem , a true guts of pride , focuses on building a c atomic number 18r , creating a self-sufficient life-style , and promoting life-long learning done the bena of culture , values , and history of the people of the tribal community (NWIC websiteThe Lummi Indian Business Council ac experience the educational needs of the community in 1983 , and therefore hire the school as the Lummi Community College . Five years afterwards , the college was substructureonic for accreditation by the Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges but was not given(p) full accreditation until 1993 . 1989 saw the name change once again , and the academic establishment became known as the Northwest Indian College , becoming recognized as a four year academic establishment (NWIC website . The degrees and certificates available through the college argon : AA ancient Ameri terminate Studies , Oksale Native Education , and General select murd er Degree AS Life Sciences AT chemical meaning Depen! dency Studies , Computer Maintenance and Networking , and distinguish Program . authencetication programs be : Native American Studies , Computer Repair Technician , and tell apart ProgramNorthwest Indian College currently has a fully functional distance learning program , which covers three different availabilities for learning o cyberspaceime(prenominal) from the campus environment . Live interactive video which utilizes K-20 Network (specifically in regards to the tri-state coverage , and connects the following tribal communities , to learning through the net increase : Makah , Swinomish , Tulalip , and Chief Leschi On-line learning uses WebCT (other tribal colleges be routine towards this outlet for learning or experimenting with its availability and usance , which offers web-based courses this can be constitutionally online study or utilize as a supplemental content to a standard classroom course . Students with a computer , web web browser , and tie-in to the internet atomic number 18 suitable for this program outlet . indie learning taking another(prenominal)(prenominal) direction , is an individual , self-paced study directed by an teacher through the use of compose materials or weekly teleconferences or videotapes . Communication between instructor and student occurs through cry , fax , or email (NWIC websiteDistance Learning ProgramsAs early as 2002 , evolution in on-line distance programs has been noticed At the time , over half(prenominal) a million students were enrolled for the 2001-2002 academic year . Turning that into knowledge dollars , the investment for on-line enrolment stood at 2 .4 cardinal (Gallagher 2003 . A 40 annual growth was predicted to follow in the 2003-2004 academic year , which signified a 5 cast up in distance learning programsDistance learning seems to be render by the development and technical advances of web-based technology (Gruedemann , 2007 . The consistency of servicing local comm unities , and reaching out to long distance learners ! as well (considered the newest wave in marketing techniques to continue earning kale for colleges offering distance learning programs fashioning the programs accessible and flexile to braggart(a) students , based on prime(a) and cost , enchantment addressing various program requirements , is the basis of distance learning programs , embrace various rules of accomplishing academic goals (Gallagher , 2003 . Although some competency members and students struggle to learn and teach deep down the guidelines of altered roles , and there is evidence of lack of face to face interaction , the benefits of distance learning programs are found through the ease of firm time for analyse and meeting assignment in propel the student to satiate part in acquiring knowledge preparation for corporeal-life work is much tangible , fine cerebration skills repair with fissiparous study , and a mirth with the learning style can be renowned among some students (Gruendemann , 2007Rese rvation life-current conditionsAlthough , since the first finish up and over the course of history European Americans dupe often kinky the reality of Native American communities through romanticizism , stereotyping , and appropriating spirituality , the diametral is to be found within the tribal community (Waller , Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002There are currently 202 tribes , with 1 .5 million residing on reservation reach . Native Americans living on reservations unruffled continue to hump high rates of un line and low life expectancy among the highest anyplace in the plain . Reservations much(prenominal) as the Cheyenne Indian River Reservation , located in South Dakota , lacks water systems making sanitary conditions nearly impotential , and the tribal members who are carry , survive on less than trinity of the American just income (Gundrum , 2007 . The best known example of poor living conditions and the nation s most economically devastated community is the Pine ! Ridge Indian Reservation , overly located in South Dakota . This reservation has been the focal point of many all the samets in history the wounded Knee Massacre of 1890 which US cavalry men massacred three hundred men women , and children , the posture (American Indian Movement ) headquarters of the mid-s as yetties , several stand offs between traditionalists and the federal government , resulting in historical events such as the Leonard Peltier episode of 1977 (Gundrum , 2007Native American students and learning stylesIn 1979 , the BIA (Bureau of Indian personal business , funded 14 , 600 undergraduate students and 700 graduate students of those song 1 ,639 certain undergraduate degrees and 434 graduate degrees (Waller Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker 2002 . As of 2002 , 24 tribally controlled colleges were serving 10 ,000 students . Even with the increase in verse for student enrollment with tribal colleges , there are sign ificantly low percentages of students move from the high school environment to college academics . Native American students have a high school drop-out rate of over 50 , and are considered the American minority to to the lowest degree seeming to enroll and eventually graduate from college (Waller , Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002 . Why are these figures so high ? The question arises if distance learning program availability could possibly forge this percentage around and note it instead of allowing it to remain consistent or worse case , rise in the near futureThe educational traditions of Indigenous peoplesFor educating children and adolescents in the autochthonal communities , each nation has , according to traditions and beliefs , its own principles and methods . literal history and teaching stories , the most noted methodology of teaching for aboriginal children , has long been regarded within tribal communities to be a valuable asset of learing this is followed by cer! emonies , such as puberty rites (typically for girls paltry into womanhood ) and sweat lodge purification (mostly newfangled boys mournful into manhood , by charge of vision quests or search .

Apprenticeships , long used before European affaire , typically with valuateed members of the tribal community or with relatives such as grandparents , aunts , uncles etc . are still found to be in use , along with learning games , which in times at peace(p) by , alert children for adult roles as providers protectors and nurturing figures within their tribal communities . The most miss educational tool of native children , and considering all children everywhere in the world , is the classi c observation of adults otherwise known as the see , then do method (Waller , Okamoto Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002In tribal societies , from pre-European contact to the present , a member of the people is judged by one s contribution to the group as a whole preferably than the Euro-centric philosophy of individualized executements Tribal members are considered an essential part of his or her community therefore achievements are accomplished for the benefit of the entire community . More tolerate teaching and learning strategies may be found through role cast and cooperative learning styles (Waller Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker 2002 . To compete to win over someone else in the community , without regard for respect for one another , is considered disrespectful and dishonorable . To disregard the entire community for the needs or desires of the individual is to for ram universe part of the web of lifeThe concept of time may be a laborious ! part of the distance learning program baseline for tribal colleges , as within the tribal community activities or actions are carried through until complete there is no concept of McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002 set(p) schedules of certain distance learning programs could possible cause impinge with traditional teachings within the tribal communities , although schedules are consistent with the concept of obtaining and maintaining Satis cistrony Progress within the distance learning program well-formed construction (OLC websiteConclusionIn conclusion , distance learning programs can be an asset to the tribal communities of which the tribal colleges are reaching out to serve Tribally controlled colleges have been serving their communities since the establishment of such academic institutions , and to move into distance learning programs can only profit students of the tribal community . Native American students , taught within the traditional structure of their individua l nations , can alter to the distance learning structure of flexibility , active learning-facilitating more than than of a hands-on approach to learning , which in turn improves the concept of critical thinking . Working with the time factor may give rise more ease with following through with a study , which in turn results in happiness with the learning style being presented , and in turn creating a more true to life(predicate) approach to preparing for the goal of the student : to apply what is learned to real life and to see the rewards of the journey do to real-life work and the last benefits for the betterment of the tribal communityThe concept of more distance program availability within the tribal college structure can also possibly give back to the community in the way of bringing the percentage of high-school drop outs calibrate , creating a motivating to keep those figures down and for Native American students to excel in the academic world to achieve goal s that , even though may appear to be based on indivi! dual satisfaction and achievement , the results can be taken back into the tribal communities to benefit the nation as a wholeDistance learning programs are also reaching out to adult learners in the tribal communities , as more and more adults are returning to achieve or finish educational goals . Adults within the community still carry influence as to what children and adolescents will choose to do with their own lives , continuing to foster the see , then do methodology of learning . If adults within the tribal community can achieve achiever within the academic structure , then the influence upon the youth of the community can be a positive oneAlso , as more and more colleges are experiencing let down enrollments for the more traditional programs , be they tribal colleges or academic institutions not in correlation with the reservation communities , a method of keeping enrollment figures consistent is being examined experimented with , trialed through success and failure , and seeing results in obtaining and maintaining student numbers . not all students have the ability to attend more traditional programs , either as full-time , on campus students , or even as part-time , extended over a loner period of time . More and more students are noted as individuals with families , full time employment , life changes that have facilitated seeking out continuing education , and wanting to improve the quality of their own lives , along with the lives of their families and communities Education is moving extraneous from the classroom environment to a more realistic approach to being able to apply acquired knowledge to real life and to be able to implement that very knowledge to every day lifeWorks CitedGallagher , S . 2003 . Maximum profit and ROI in distance ed : Planning to refineor launch your online learning programs ? University Press , may 2003Gruendemann , B . 2007 . Distance learning and perioperative care for AORNJournal . work on 2007Gundru m , Gretchen . 2007 . Indian reservations : Land for! the IndianMLA formatted research . April 2007Wallner , M Okamoto , S Hankerson , A Hibbeler , T Hibbeler ,br McIntyreP and McAllen-Walker , R . The hoop of learning : A holistic , multi-systemic exemplar for facilitating educational resilience among indigenousstudents . Journal of Sociology and kind Welfare . March 2002Northwest Indian CollegeOglala Lakota CollegePAGEPAGE 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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